Analysis · Oct 6, 2026

Real ultraflat Littlewood polynomials and unbounded binary merit factors

Constructs polynomials with N consecutive coefficients in {−1,1}\{-1,1\} whose modulus is (1+o(1))N(1+o(1))\sqrt N uniformly on the entire unit circle, for every sufficiently large integer length N. Thus real Littlewood polynomials are ultraflat, including at the real endpoints. Their binary merit factors tend to infinity, disproving Turyn's bounded-merit-factor conjecture.

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